The aim of the paper is to investigate whether the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) accelerates the use of “Industry 4.0” technologies in companies and promotes business model changes. Based on a unique micro-database of around 2,500 firms, the empirical evidence that the NRRP effectively accelerates the joint adoption of business model innovation and investment in Industry 4.0, thereby promoting firm resilience in a scenario change. Overall, our results provide new insights for the effectiveness of policies targeting the joint adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies and business model innovation.